基于余热回收的二氧化碳捕捉系统设计与经济性分析
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余建
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广州东华博泰科技有限公司，广东广州，510405
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摘要：在国家“双碳”战略的大背景下，石化行业作为高能耗、高排放的典型领域，其绿色转型迫在眉睫。本文着重于石化行业二氧化碳捕捉系统，通过融合余热回收、溴化锂吸收式制热等核心技术，构建了一套适用于石化行业的低碳节能工艺。以大庆石化百万吨级项目为实例，验证了该系统在降低蒸汽耗量（每年 37.912 万吨，1.0MPaG 饱和蒸汽）、减少循环水消耗（每年 2580 万吨，32℃→40℃）以及二氧化碳减排（每年 7.44 万吨，通过节约蒸汽能源换算得出）等方面的显著效果。经详细测算，项目投资回收周期预估为 1.34 年，经济效益达到 5695 万元每年，为石化行业的低碳转型提供了可借鉴、可推广的技术路径。
关健词：二氧化碳捕捉；余热回收；溴化锂吸收式制热；能效优化
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Design and Economic Analysis of a Carbon Dioxide Capture System Based on Waste Heat Recovery
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Jian Yu
DH Bitech-IoT Co.,Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
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Abstract：Against the backdrop of China's "dual-carbon" strategy, the petrochemical industry, as a typical sector with high energy consumption and high emissions, is facing an urgent need for green transformation. This paper focuses on carbon dioxide capture systems in the petrochemical industry and constructs a low-carbon and energy-saving process suitable for the petrochemical industry by integrating core technologies such as waste heat recovery and lithium bromide absorption heating. Taking the million-ton-levelproject of Daqing Petrochemical as a case study, the significant effects of the system are verified in reducing steam consumption (379,120 tons per year of 1.0MPaG saturated steam), decreasing circulating water consumption (25.8 million tons per year with a temperature range from 32℃ to 40℃), and achieving carbon dioxide emission reduction (74,400 tons per year, calculated by converting saved steam energy). Through detailed calculation, the estimated investment payback period of the project is 1.34 years, with annual economic benefits reaching 56.95 million yuan. This provides a replicable and promotable technical path for the low-carbon transformation of the petrochemical industry.
Keywords : Carbon Dioxide Capture; Waste Heat Recovery; Lithium Bromide Absorption Heating; Energy Efficiency Optimization
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